Nigeria, India, Others Account for Half of Child Deaths From Pneumonia, Meningitis
New estimates have
shown that two leading bacterial causes of pneumonia and meningitis,
Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) and pneumococcal diseases, together
still kill approximately 900 children per day around the world.
The findings,
published in The Lancet Global Health on June 11 (today), estimate that
about half of the pneumococcal child deaths in 2015 occurred in just
four countries: India, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo and
Pakistan.
However, the new
estimates from a team led by scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
School of Public Health, United States (U.S.), approximate that 1.35
million children's lives have been saved by Hib and pneumococcal
vaccines since 2000.
The researchers
also noted that child mortality fromStreptococcus pneumonia and Hib in
high-burden countries have fallen by 51 per cent and 90 per cent,
respectively, during 2000 to 2015.
They noted that
childhood deaths from pneumococcus and Hib declined sharply during the
period 2000 to 2015, especially as vaccines against these pathogens were
introduced in high-burden countries.
The study titled
"Burden of Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza type b
disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional,
and national estimates for 2000-15", highlighted the success of the
global fight against these illnesses, and also provide a clear picture
of the remaining disease burden, now largely concentrated in South Asia
and Africa.
In Nigeria, the
Federal Government through the National Primary Health Care Development
Agency (NPHCDA) introduced the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) and
Pentavalent1 into the routine immunisation schedule since 2014.
PCV protects
against pneumococcal disease, an infection caused by the bacteria
Streptococcus pneumonia, which can lead to pneumonia, meningitis.
Pentavalent vaccine
is a combination of five vaccines-in-one that prevents diphtheria,
tetanus, whooping cough, hepatitis B and Hib, all through a single dose.
According to the
researchers led by Brian Wahl, Hib and Streptococcus pneumonia
(pneumococcus) are bacteria that can cause meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis
and other serious complications, especially in children. They have been
major causes of child mortality in developing countries
Original Story on Guardian online
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